Lost at the South Pole

South Pole Dorms

I was part of a science team that visited the Geographic South Pole. While my visit was in December of 1997, thinking about it brings back vivid memories, such as being lost. In retrospect, I was suffering from fatigue and altitude sickness (the pole is about 9300 ft.) Both affect one’s problem solving abilities. They [...]

Analog Clocks

Analog Clock Faces

An analog clock is a clock that displays the time of day by the position of hands on a dial (clock face). The diagram shows the face of two different analog clocks, one marked in 12 hour units and the other is marked in 24 hour units.

The Fastest Moving Plant

plant movement fastest

To date, the fastest moving plant is the White Mulberry (Morus alba). The flower of this mulberry tree shoots pollen at speeds around 200 meters per second. The flower is able to shoot pollen so quickly because its stamens work like medieval catapults. How a Catapult Works A catapult is known as a trebuchet, which [...]

Chlelate: Chlorophyll

flower 1,jpg

Chlorophyll is an organic molecule. The basic  organic molecule is composed of carbon and hydrogen. More complex organic compounds contain carbon, hydrogen, and other elements such as oxygen and nitrogen. A chelate is an organic  compound with a central metal ion. Chlorophyll is one of the most important chelates in nature. In the diagram, the [...]

Sound: Blowing a Raspberry

blow raspberry,jpg

Blowing a Raspberry means to make a sound by sticking out your tongue and blowing. The sound produced is much like the sound made by flatulence (farting). Sounds are made when something vibrates and air blown between your tongue and lips causes both to vibrate as seen in the video.

Why Your Ears Pop

ear diagram2

Question: Why are airplanes pressurized to maintain a normal atmospheric pressure on the passengers’ bodies? Answer: The internal pressure of your body is accustomed to air pressure where you live. At the altitude that airplanes travel, the pressure is much lower than your internal body pressure. Should the pressure on the outside of your body [...]

Alchemy

If It’s Yellow, It Must Be Gold In the past, some chemists believed that gold could be made from common materials. Some believed that since gold has a yellowish color, then yellow things, such as sulfur and even egg yolks could be changed into gold. These scientists are called alchemists. When working on a recipe [...]

Air Pressure vs. Altitude

The gravitational attraction between the Earth and its atmosphere is greatest near the Earth’s surface. As a result, the density of air molecules  is greatest near the Earth’s surface and decreases as the distance from Earth’s surface increases.The greater the density of air molecules the greater is their pressure. Air pressure is greatest at Earth’s [...]

Moonshine

moon phase

Q: Why is the Moon brighter at night than during the day? A: The Moon is more visible at night because the sky is darker. During the day there are stars in the sky but they are not visible because the Sun’s light makes the sky so bright. Notice how bright the stars look at [...]

How to Date Eggs

egg

The older an egg is the more buoyant it is in water. Buoyancy is the ability of an object to float in a fluid (liquid or gas). For example, helium balloons are buoyant in air and boats are buoyant in water. To test the freshness of an egg, fill a bowl with water. Then place [...]